Hiya,
I use 7x57 and 6.5x55 sporterized Mausers. Both outstanding for taking deer and carrying all day in all kinds of brush. Check out your local gunstore or gunsmith, you can normally find sporterized bolt action military mausers there on the cheap that will be just the ticket for deer.
The US Springfields and 1917 Enfields are getting pricey but the British Enfields can still be had for resonable cash but these are 30 caliber full power rounds and a lot more punishing to shoot. If you don't mind the recoil, the Yugo K98 Mauser in 8x57 is outstanding, a bit much for deer up close but if your out west and making those 150-200 yd shots, the 8mm will reach out there.
My 2 cents,
Tom