Are you sure the battery is good? Diesel engines need more amps then car engines and if your battery is marginal, it will have dificulty turning over the engine.
My 555E starts great in warm weather, but when it gets cold out, it cranks real slow. My problem is that my battery isn't up to the job. I made the mistake of letting my ex's cousin get me a "deal" on a new battery. He's been a diesel mechanic for over 30 years and is very knowledgable, but he doesn't apply that knowledge to what he does himself. He put a battery in there that doesn't have the amp rating required by the manual. Since winter is only two months here, I just deal with it and cuss him out every time I have to start it when it's cold out. LOL
Take out the battery and have it tested on a battery tester for cranking power. Voltage can be great, but when it's under load is what you need to know.
If that checks out good, pull the cables and clean them really good. Are they the factory installed cables? Sometimes people will cut corners and put in a cable that's smaller then original to save a buck. I had this on my dump truck. Once I replaced the thin cable with a larger one, all my problems disapeared.
Good luck,
Eddie