Update. Took a couple of hours to get the pump removed, mainly because of the pulley. I didn't see the two set screws and my puller had bent the pulley before I knew what was happening. Removed the set screws and it still took a great deal of effort/force to finally get the pulley to "pop" free.
Took the pump to the repair shop. Getting a new bearing and a seal kit for $315. Better than almost $900 for a new pump. Also had to order a new pulley for $60 (including shipping).
I hope to get some idea of what caused the failure of the pump. I know what caused the problem with the puller.

I'll report back anything I learn.