We've had the septic tank freeze a couple times, last year was a mess and cost a little over $300 for pumping and steaming. Steaming consisted of digging up the septic tank (through frozen ground, built a bonfire), and using a fancy pressure washer that generated steam and blew it out through a special nozzle with one forward facing jet and three backwards facing jets. This melted the ice and pulled the hose through at the same time. This creates quite a mess, you need to go from the tank toward the house, otherwise you have steam powered turds propelled backwards.
So, my stepson and I dug up the tank, put down about 6" of loose styrofoam beads, topped off with a double layer of 2" rigid foam 4x8 sheets. Total cost about $125.
I put down a 1 foot layer of straw over the drainfield as well.
The tank was domed, and 8' in diameter.
There are systems available that blow heated are through the pipes to prevent freeze up, they cost about $1000-1400. If my insulation doesn't do the trick, I'll have to invest in one. They are sold by
www.septicheater.com Prevent Frozen Septics
So far, so good.
BTW, this is in Northern Wisconsin, -45F not unheard of. And that's not windchill, either. It's not got that cold this year, thank heaven.
Link
MikePA: Changed large inline picture to a link.