The terminology has been sensationalized at times, to where that fundamental point is lost on some people.
People think of extreme conflicts (can't say that I don't), but for most of us, the triggers will be severe weather events, or non-hostile (ie. tech just failing on it's own....) system failures.
10+ years ago, perfect summer weather, a cascade-failure started in a NE State (NY or Ohio ?) and took down the grid here for many days. Recently, we had a major internet supplier (very restricted choices here) totally down for multiple days..... many businesses were pretty much non-functional.
With the complexity of modern systems.... it doesn't take much to create major disruptions, even without bad-actors involved.....
Rgds, D.
My fear is that one of the nations making all of aour command and control computers for the critical infrastructure has hidden nonsense triggers deep in the firmware.
The first time we went to Iraq, their entire air defense and control radar system went nuts, showing planes that weren’t there, and not showing planes that were there, or showing them miles from where they were.
The French sold them the air defense system, including a hidden feature that if a certain nonstandard transponder code was received it went crazy.
How much of the PLC replacement systems running our water, sewer, streetlights, telephone, power, etc. we’re made in America?
How much of the internet of things, devices in our houses have controls made in America? What happens to your place if they all scramble.
I recently replaced a water heater at work, with an electric one. The control board for the fancy high efficiency propane unit went bad. The lead time was three to six weeks, for the new board. A replacement propane water heater with the same capacity and features had the same lead time. I went with an electric unit, which had more capacity, and four standard elements and thermostats which can be bought locally, and serviced by just about any maintenance tech.
Anything with a chip in it can fail from an electrical surge. Anything with logic could be controlled elsewhere.