I am a bit confused it seems. I see a 2x6 block on the end of apparently a 2x6 thick pour of concrete. Is there more thats not seen? Is the majority of what's in your picture a stem wall ?
Or did they pour a small 2x6 thick pour of concrete to make things easier to form and then pour more on top and thats the footing ? With stem walls on top of what we see?
Guess the footing could go above grade but i am not use to seeing that.
Yes one would hope there is LOTS of rebar in that step section somewhere or somehow. Very likely to be some cracking and movement at that step change.
How much wall (height) is above the un-supported 'jump'? Unless there is a major bearing point just above it, I wouldn't worry at all. It looks like there is an off-set or an 'inside corner' just to the left of that area and I'd bet that corner would be the/a load point, not over the span.