The mower manual has instructions for the lift height adjustment. The pictures are really confusing. Wasn't the problem on mine though. If your's will lock without the deck, it's probably not the problem with yours either.
Like everyone else's, mine would go to "TOP" without the deck but not with it. I found the deck was raising too high and hitting the underside of the tractor. The knob controls the linkage not the deck. The deck hits the tractor before the linkage is high enough to lock into "TOP".
Adjust the front linkage to the dimensions shown in the mower manual. Mine was way off! Adjust the rear hangers so the deck doesn't go as high. Screw the eyes out, lengthening the hanger until you can raise the deck and turn the knob to the "TOP" position. Go just a bit at a time. You don't want the deck any lower than necessary because it bounces and smacks the underside of the tractor when you hit a bump. Doesn't hurt anything but sure makes noise.
After you can lock into "TOP", you'll have to re-adjust the deck to get it to cut level. Again, instructions for that are in the manual. Adjust the front linkage to get the fore-aft level. Then adjust the hangers to get the side to side.
It's really not too difficult after you've figure out the problem. Took maybe an hour in all. Could easily do it in 15 minutes now. You don't have to take the deck out from under the tractor.