Potholes develop because water can not escape. The road surface should be higher than the surrounding dirt and it needs to be trenched to move the water away.
On my ranch, my grandfather understood what it takes to make a good road. He raised the road bed up about 10 feet from the surrounding land and made good ditches the entire way. I have never seen a pot hole on that road in my life. The water never sits on the road and it's always in the ditch. Good roads have good ditches.
You can kinda see what I'm talking about, the only pictures I have on my phone at the moment.
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