Sorry but the math doesn't compute. An Example: If the front tires had a radius of 1/2 the rear and you rotate the front tires at twice the angular velocity then voila the desired 4wd situation (just as you assumed). Now add the accessories. The front and rear accessories must be of different thickness. Otherwise consider this: If the accessory thickness is say 10% of the front tire rarius that would be 5% of the rear tire radius and the new front to back ratio would no longer be 1:2 it would be 1.2:2.1 and the 2:1 difference in gear ratio front to back would not "fit" anymore. This would cause a problem with "tracks" or independent accessories on each tire, it doesn't matter which.
Another view: The distance traveled by the front and rear tires should be the same regardless of whether using tracks or conventional tires. The distance traveled by a wheel per unit time is the circumference times the RPM times the time spent traveling. An example: A wheel 1 ft high is: 1 times about 3.14 feet around. If it turns once per second then the axle progresses 3.14 ft/sec . If the back wheel were 2 ft tall then it is 2 times 3.14 or 6.28 ft around. It would have to turn one time in two seconds to go the same speed as the 1 ft high wheel. Now lets increase the diameter of both wheels with either a track or a tread cover thingy (it doesn't matter which). The principle is the same if the additional thickness is just a little bit or a lot so lets make it fairly thick and see a glaring error. Lets make the accessory a foot thick. Now the front wheel is 3 feet tall and goes 3 feet times 3.14 (9.42 ft) per revolution. The back wheel is now 4 ft tall and goes4 times 3.14 (12.56 ft) per revolution. Since the front wheel turns twice for every turn of the back it goes 18.82 ft while back wheel is going 12.56 ft. This might cause some tire scrubbing, loss of traction, wear, steering difficulty, premature tranny and drive component wear and bad things I haven't thought of yet. Of course the accessory will be less than 1 ft thick and the error will be smaller. Do the math, it won't be healthy for the things I listed above.
There was one tricky part. If you missed that you were on a colision path with reality. Adding twice the accessory thickness to get new "effective" diameter used to compute circumference. Consider the leverage thing. From the center of the axle to where the rubber meets the road is a lever arm, this is what the tractor "pulls" to go. It is also a radius of a circle. Increasing the radius adds twice as much to the diameter. If this wasn't so then the physics would be quite different (really wrong, but different). Accessory thickness would not matter as it would be the same as driving over a carpet or layer of anything.
So, if you run separate accessories on the tires and you had the correct thickness for your particular front to rear ratio you could run 4wd otherwise only 2wd. To run tracks you need to either run 2wd or get tricky and run a round tire accessory to adjust for the difference front to back plus tracks.
As a separate observation regarding tire wear. Grit, gravel, and mud will get between the accessory thingies and the tires, tracks or separates. There will be flexing and scrubing with this abrasive mix in there (I assume the need for these accessories was for other than tractoring in a clean room) will chew up the tires faster than regular tire wear by far.
If anyone cares, I vote with the enlightened gentleman a few posts back who said, and I paraphrase, it would be cheaper to get an extra set of tires and wheels. Sure would.
Now then, there is a company that makes tracks to replace the wheels on a 4wd truck. I have seen videos of a P/U truck flying up dunes in 4wd on four tracks. Steers just as it always did and the tracks clear the front sheet metal when steering. Comes in various models for different size trucks. Maybe they would provide tracks for a tractor. They tout the advantages of large footprint low PSI, goes good on snow, sand, soft ground etc. They were N OT cheap and couldn't compare to the price of another set of mounted tires but will do what N O tractor tire that will fit on your tractor can do regarding traversing soft footing. The demo I saw showed the truck driving up with conventional wheels with tracks in bed (pretty much filling bed) They jack up the truck one wheel at a time and put the tracks on. Put the wheels in the bed and then do some amazing dune climbing. Would be great to run the river sandbars, winter snow, etc. Of course it raised the truck like a good size lift kit which was not a bad thing for off roading but yoiu have to be mindful of the increase in height of CG and the traction They don't slide sideways to relieve momentum very well and would roll if you tried to do some Mario Andretti stuff. Probably wold work super on a tractor if yo didn't over stress them pulling something. Of course the MFG could supply safe limits I'm not experienced beyond seeing the demos.
Patrick