I keep the wood under a roof in an open shed and cut it at least one year in advance. That is, I have this coming winter's wood in one side of the shed and am trying to get the side I emptied last winter filled before July. I often don't get the empty bin filled until late fall. I also split the wood fairly small so it is very dry by time it is burnt.
I don't have a fireplace but heat entirely with a wood furnace (has electric furnace backup) and use about 2.5 full cords (pine, fir, birch) per year. The furnace has a thermostat-controlled air supply which helps regulate the burning. If I burned in an open fireplace I would likely need to change a bit so it did not burn too quickly.
Burning dry wood helps avoid smoke and creosote problems.