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[Renze]

Please explain the difference between DIN and ISO...

Thread - wrench size ISO - wrench size DIN
M8 - 14mm - 13mm
M10 -16mm - 17mm
M12 - 18mm - 19mm

Just to name the most common sizes.
Luckily, thread sizes are the same so they are interchangeable.

The wrench size is always roughly 1.5 times thread size. M24 had head size 36 and M36 has 55

 

[Renze]

One of the fundamental changes made when emissions came along, was to increase engine operating temperature. Increased temperature means increased heat loss, and since heat is energy, this translates to increased fuel consumption.

With diesels, its the other way around. Hotter combustion temperatures make for clean, efficient combustion with very little soot formed. But at high temperatures, more oxygen reacts with the 75% nitrogen in the air we (and our engines) breathe, and forms nitrous oxides, which makes plants grow harder so it is a regulated pollutant.

You can decrease NoX emissions by injecting late. Result was the Deere 20 series tractors being smokey, lazy and thirsty, making lots of customers go to Fendt.

You can also, like Deere did in the 30 series, use cooled EGR. This way the air volume in the cylinder absorbs some heat, but doesnt add oxygen to the fire so it doesnt burn as hot, yet still somewhat efficient.

Drawback is that the exhaust gas is cooled to the coolant, which means you need a 50% bigger radiator.
For a wheel loader with Tier 2 Cummins, or a later Tier 3B with 40% EGR, this means doubling the amount of kilojoules of heat rejection.

All manufacturers are now doing away with EGR to compete on consumption again. Many can do without DPF too, only with DEF which is outside the combustion chamber, so the combustion process can be tuned for max efficiency.

So yes, 10 to 20 years ago engines got thirsty because of emissions. Nowadays the dust had settled and manufacturers throw away the old emission solutions to compete on overall engine efficiency, which leads to more efficient engines than before emissions.

I am not sure how many actual miles per gallon this cost, but it was enough for every car manufacturer to start covering their engines in plastic cowlings. The same ignorant people who think emissions are 100% responsible for their reduced mpg, are the same idiots usually claiming all that extra money spent on plastic is "just for looks".

The plastic is sound deadening, engines have become so quiet that valvetrain noise has become noticeable
And on diesels it dampens the diesel knock.on my previous S70 2.5TDI i could definately hear an increase in noise without the plastic cover on.

 

[WinterDeere]

The plastic is sound deadening, engines have become so quiet that valvetrain noise has become noticeable

Good posts, Renze, except maybe this one point. Even my very loud tuned-exhaust SRT cars are covered in plastic. No way you’re hearing much valve train noise over the bark of that exhaust.

As it was explained to me, this was largely to control engine temperature, relating to emissions.

 

[Renze]

Good posts, Renze, except maybe this one point. Even my very loud tuned-exhaust SRT cars are covered in plastic. No way you’re hearing much valve train noise over the bark of that exhaust.

My 1995 Volvo 440 had no emissions, but it had a plastic cover. My 1991 propane burning 440 of before the facelift, didnt. I think they do it on your SRT because in this day and age, a bare engine would look very 1980s on a modern car.

As it was explained to me, this was largely to control engine temperature, relating to emissions.

I mean how much heat would be rejected through the valve cover, while the water cooled block is exposed and the oil pan hangs in the wind ? Sure there is a bottom cover, but it has vents....

Deutz definately stopped building air cooled diesels for that reason, because even when you add a viscous clutch for the air fan, you cant contain heat in it without a thermostat, and a mass of coolant that stores a lot of thermal energy to even out the temperature to a more constant level. Noise was also a reason that direct air cooling fell out of favour, as diesel knock is transferred directly to air.

To my knowledge, the only brand that sells air cooled diesels with an inline mechanical fuel pump meeting modern emissions is Tatra, for emergency service and military applications sometimes the simplicity of the absence of a liquid that can boil or freeze, nor electronics that can be disturbed by EMP, outweighs the lesser fluid economy. I mean, with EMP you can only jam the DEF but not the fuel pump.

They have Euro 5, but press releases say they are working on their 12.6 liter 440hp V8 and now also the old 19 liter V12 (brought to 660hp) to bring them up to Euro 6 standard.

TATRA engine :: Tatratrucks.com

www.tatratrucks.com

 

[Too many Kubotas]

It seems conversion to "the metric system" never got completed here in the US.

It was National Metric Day a few days ago.

I celebrated that by driving the 376 c.i. Challenger.

 

[Renze]

It was National Metric Day a few days ago.

I celebrated that by driving the 376 c.i. Challenger.

376x2.54x2.54x2.54=5.710cc is 5.7 liter.

Being on TBN has made me handy with unit conversions.

 

[Too many Kubotas]

Okay, 376.3 c.i to be more exact.

 

[BigBlue1]

I think you're just not paying attention to what was out there at the time. I drove a mid-1990's diesel VW Passat wagon company car for a few weeks in Germany ca.1998, and I'll double-check with one of my old work buddies this weekend, but memory tells me it did roughly 60 mpg from one fill to the next. I remember specifically tracking it, because fuel was so absurdly expensive in Germany, by comparison to here.

It was also memorable to me, because I drive almost exclusively very large displacement engines here (current is 6.4 liter), which are decidedly not fuel efficient. I think the car I drove in USA that year averaged 8 mpg.

I didn't love the diesel Passat, it wasn't exactly a sports car, but it could do an easy 160 km/h (100 mph) on the autobahn. I was only there about 2-4 weeks per year, back then, so always got whatever company car was available at the time.

My point isn't the specific timeline, just that car MPG went BACKWARDS in the name of 'eliminating pollution'. You can't find a ICE powered vehicle today (or 15 years ago) that gets over 50 mpg. "Progress".

 

[ptsg]

 

[dodge man]

It was National Metric Day a few days ago.

I celebrated that by driving the 376 c.i. Challenger.

I assume that’s a 6.1 SRT Challenger or is it the 6.2 in a Hellcat?