I want to give a comparison to something other than tractors. A few months back I took my motorhome on a 250 mile trip following my neighbor in his RV. Both RV's are identical in color, size, manufacturer with the exception that my neighbors has 330HP Cummins diesel (largest available engine in this size motorhome when built) and mine unfortunately is a V10 Ford gasser (don't know the HP). His diesel gets about 11 MPG average while my gasser at best is 10 MPG with average about 8 MPG.
We both travel with cruise control on and I noticed that on every hill, I had to tap the brake to disengage my cruise control because I was running up the arse end of my neighbor. Of course my engine was pushing 4000-5000 rpm in 2nd gear while I am sure his wasn't exceeding 2500 but still the gas engine was pulling the hills better than the diesel which was very surprising.
I noticed the same thing when travelling thru the Appalachians when pulling some long hills, I was able to maintain my speed better than many of the diesel pusher RV's that I encountered climbing these same hills. Even though I could pass them up on the hills, they always passed me back while I was fueling up.