True of most diesels: Better to run them at max rated RPM and pick an appropriate gear to set the ground speed. Lugging them just wastes fuel and can cause cylinder washing and get diesel in the oil.
My JD 750 happily runs at rated RPM running a log splitter for hours at a time and just sips fuel.
My BX2200 doesn't have a tach and has to be run at full throttle (WOT) to get what I'm only guessing to be 540 rpm at the PTO. It runs smoothly and efficiently as do the implements.
The important thing to remember is that an implement that calls for 540 rpm works best at the throttle setting that achieves that PTO rpm. On most tractors it seems to be somewhere between 2200 - 2800 rpm. There should be an indicator on the tach if the tractor has one.
Bush Hog-type mowers are particular noteworthy. Those big blade need to be spinning at a high rate in order to achieve and maintain the momentum to cut heavy grasses and even saplings. Running lower rpm will cause the blade to pivot out of the way on contact and teeth-rattling vibrations come into play.
Flail mowers have similar issues but with light flails the major problem is just very poor cuts. Think of how a weed-eater cuts much more efficiently when run at high speeds.
Rototiller can be run at lower rpms but the tiller and the tractor will suffer eventually.
Yup ... my Massey 1648 is right around 2500 RPM's (it also has a digital display showing exactly what speed the PTO is turning) ... my LS R4047 (same ad NH Boomer 50 & Case Farmall 50B) was around 2500 as well.
My '98 Massey Ferguson 231 is 38 engine hp. and 34 PTO hp.
540 PTO is at 1788 engine RPMs. I can't believe how easy that Perkins engine sips diesel. One time I literally thought the fuel gauge quit working!
Ford: '88 3910 Series II, '80 3600, '65 3000; '07 6530C Branson with FEL, 2020 LS MT225S. Case-IH 395 and 895 with cab. All Diesels
My Branson has 3 PTO speeds, lever selected in the cab, from 540 at the rated 2600 rpms down to 540 at around 1700 rpms. Torque curve peaks at 1600 and is relatively flat on out. Depending on work to be done, I can reduce the wear and tear and engine noise when desired.
The RPMs everyone is posting is right where Im at, 2350 to get to 540 on the tiller. The one thing I did notice though was that no matter how deep or how hard the ground was the Engine RPM never faltered, even climbing really steep stuff with the tiller engaged.
My previous experience with tillers and bush hogs was on a 9N which barely turned any rpm to get to PTO speed.