G.Day Rford .
I have worked on a lot of engines with Indirect fuel injection and I will try to keep this explanation as short as possible.
Basically the precombustion chamber aids ignition of the diesel fuel ,that is the atomised diesel is injected Partially to the main combustion area that is on top of the piston and the rest is injected into the precombustion chamber which is usually a spherical chamber with an access hole ,slot or transfer port leading to the main combustion area on top of the piston .
Being a compression ignition engine as a diesel is the air inside the precombustion area reaches higher temperatures very quickly due to the relatively small area of the chamber and consuequently when the atomised fuel is introduced , will encourage a positive reaction sending an explosive CHARGE via the precombustion chamber into the main combustion area resulting in a very efficient return on the ammount of fuel used.
Worth noting is the use of a PINTLE type fuel injector which provides a non directional and very precise volume of fuel, this also aids combustion in less than favourable conditions, especially in severely cold environments.
although more popular nowadays. I still feel comparing Direct injection with Indirect that the Indirect injection diesel is more fuel efficient and has a much more usable range of power when it comes to situations where the tractor is put to task, plowing as an example.
I hope this helps and goes towards answering your question.

Regards .
Hutch
P.S.
Answer to you question precombustion caps primarilly give access to the combustion area to allow maintenance and I would say machining during manufacture, the caps are sealed as in the case of the M.F 35 with copper washers or copper gaskets, Providing the caps are checked and are flat and the washers have been anealed they will GENERALLY seal although I have fitted all new parts and they still do not seal !!!!