From looking at the parts diagrams on messicks.com, the TC30 has a FWD system that is not at all like our class III Boomers (TC35/TC40/TC45). The TC30 has a shifter fork inside the front transmission case and a shift lever on the left side of the front transmission case. My guess is the lever is just to the left of the operator's seat where it can be easily reached with the left hand. I would make sure that the rollpin in the base of the lever was intact and that the shaft going into the transmission is rotating when the lever is moved. If there was resistance and the operator forced the lever, it could have sheared off the rollpin or bent/broke the lever. It's not very likely, but possible.
Next, you need to find out if the problem is with the shifter or maybe with the front differential and driveline. With the engine off, if you put the tractor in gear and into FWD and then jack up only one front wheel, you should not be able to turn the wheel that is in the air. The single wheel in the air should turn only if the tractor is NOT in FWD. If the wheel turns, it means FWD is not engaged or there is a problem with the driveline. There is a rubber boot with clamps on the back of the front differential. I would loosen the clamps and try to pull that boot back so I could see the driveline while turning the wheel. Obviously, this is a job for two or more people. If the driveline is turning when you turn the single wheel in the air, then the problem is in the transmission shifter. If the wheel will turn and the driveline does not turn, then the problem is in the front differential.