Most of the time, the needle is at about 1/4 of the green arc. On rare ocassions, I've seen it up to 1/2 green. I've never seen it above 1/2 scale except during that mowing job in the Kansas heat with the screen full of fluff and dragging a 5' JD 305. I don't know what those gauge positions translate to in terms of degrees.
Since the engine has a thermostatically controlled cooling system, it tends to come up to temperature fairly quickly and holds a stable temp over a broad operating range. I know a lot of these tractors don't have thermostats and some don't even have water pumps. I'm assuming mine has a thermostat, but I've not had the upper hose off and seen it. The parts book shows a part at the proper location and the number, 129350-49530, crosses to a part that Hoye calls a "thermostat".