There is an additional reason for not sending current through the ground. Electrical systems are designed so that no single failure will cause a safety hazard. If you use the ground wire to carry current and it fails then the metal case of a motor or panel can be come electrically hot (voltage is above ground potential). Depending on the unbalance this could kill you or your cows. If you have a separate neutral and ground, either one failing does not cause a hazard.
Back at the panel you do have the neutral and ground tied together, but that panel is also grounded with a wire to a ground rod. No single failure will create a shock hazard.
Before you had grounds, an electric drill case might short to the hot wire and then you would have 120 volts on the thing you are holding. If, on the other hand, the case were grounded then the fuse or circuit breaker would blow.
I hope this helps