As we discuss this, we need to distinguish between fixed (immediate or deferred) and variable annuities. Also, whether the annuity is contained in a retirement account, or standalone (see SEC note at bottom)
Fixed annuities are essentially CD-like investments issued by insurance companies. Like CDs, they pay guaranteed rates of interest, in many cases higher than bank CDs.
Fixed annuities can be deferred or immediate. The deferred variety accumulate regular rates of interest and the immediate kind make fixed payments - determined by your age and size of your annuity - during retirement.
The convenience and predictability of a set payout makes a fixed annuity a popular option for retirees who want a known income stream to supplement their other retirement income. (CNN)
Variable annuities are designed to pump up your savings by giving you a chance for long-term capital growth. They do this by allowing you to invest in anything from half a dozen to 20 or so stock or bond mutual-fund-like portfolios called subaccounts. As with fixed annuities, gains escape taxation until withdrawal. (CNN)
BUT they have significant disadvantages including investment choices, very poor tax treatment and FEES:
Fees: And then there are variables' fees. Aside from surrender charges that dock you for early withdrawals, variables can also come with steep sales commissions (often 4%). Add ongoing management fees and insurance charges, which combined can run as high as 2% to 3% a year, and you're looking at one hefty load of fees cutting into your returns. (CNN)
From the SEC:
Caution!
Other investment vehicles, such as IRAs and employer-sponsored 401(k) plans, also may provide you with tax-deferred growth and other tax advantages. For most investors, it will be advantageous to make the maximum allowable contributions to IRAs and 401(k) plans before investing in a variable annuity.
In addition, if you are investing in a variable annuity through a tax-advantaged retirement plan (such as a 401(k) plan or IRA), you will get no additional tax advantage from the variable annuity. Under these circumstances, consider buying a variable annuity only if it makes sense because of the annuity's other features, such as lifetime income payments and death benefit protection. The tax rules that apply to variable annuities can be complicated – before investing, you may want to consult a tax adviser about the tax consequences to you of investing in a variable annuity.