JD engine black smoke when under load

[chamberlainguy]

i have a chamberlain 3380 which has 5800 hours and it smokes very bad when working but clear as day when at idle and at high rpm with out load.
has a cav lucas pump
new injectors
i am thinking that it may be the fuel adjustment
than one got any ideas

 

[rustyshakelford]

Starting the with basics, air filter clean and no restrictions. Does it have a turbo? Check for charged air hose leaks. Black smoke isn't necessarily bad depending on how much it is. If it's cugging dark black smoke than I would suspect the egts were pretty hot.

Did it just start doing this? Pumps don't usually just start feeding more fuel for no reason. Maybe the injectors aren't the right size and it's getting more fuel? We need for info

Brett

 

[chamberlainguy]

No turbo and the smoke is not black but a dark gray, I will check air filters

 

[chamberlainguy]

And has been doing it for a while

 

[thepumpguysc]

Pull the air cleaner completely out & see what that does..
You can advance the timing on the pump by loosening the 3 mounting screws/nuts and turning about a dimes width OPPOSITE the arrow on the name plate.
OR if so equipped, check the "thermo start" in the intake manifold, for constant fuel, dripping into the intake.. seen that 100 x..
but that usually smokes ALL the time.. good luck & post back w/ findings..

 

[Fallon]

Black smoke is unburnt fuel coming out of the exhaust stack. So as others have noted either not enough air or to much fuel.

 

[DEWFPO]

On a properly working, non-electronically controlled, diesel engine you also can get black smoke when you apply too much load for the rpm setting. The injection pump is putting in x amount of fuel and the load applied to the engine is not allowing the rpms to come up or is dragging it down. A similar net result to not enough air or too much fuel.

DEWFPO

 

[Gary Fowler]

I have seen old iron tractors from the 1970s era that when heavily loaded would leave a trail of black smoke for 1/4 mile behind you. Nothing wrong with the engine, just loaded up heavy. I had a 1984 Yanmar with turbo that would put out some grey/black smoke when it got overloaded also. As long as your air filters are clean and you have no air leaks do not worry about it.

 

[Texasmark]

i agree with the above. My first knee jerk was when you said you replaced the injectors; that disqualified my first reaction....dirty/malfunctioning injectors. Only other thing I could add to the above comments would be to work some "snake oil" through the crankcase and fuel and clean out any carbon build up you may have. I'd do that as a matter of course anyway. Power Services is readily available, does a great job and is moderately priced.

 

[LD48750]

Black smoke is a sign of POWER.
Next you'll be looking to get a foot of FLAME standing out of your stacks...

 

[chamberlainguy]

Black smoke is a sign of POWER.
Next you'll be looking to get a foot of FLAME standing out of your stacks...

yep have seen that one the old girl she runs on a mixer wagon most of the time and she runs at night sometimes and you can just see a little flame coming out to stack. ppppppooooowwwwweeeeerrrrrrrr

 

[chamberlainguy]

yep seen the old girl do that she runs on a mixer wagon most of the time and she runs of a night some times and you can see a little flame coming out of the stack sometimes

 

[chamberlainguy]

 

[chamberlainguy]

she smokes like that when underload with the mixer wagon but fine with lite duty

 

[buickanddeere]

239 cu" and rated at 68 HP so she is about dialed to the max for power as natural aspirated diesels run about 1/4 HP per cubic inch at 1800rpm. Probably making rated power at 2200rpm which is 122% over the 1800 rpm number . This would make for approx 73 gross HP the max practical for those cu" and natural aspirated.
The Dubuque/Mannheim engines do have an excellent high cross flow cylinder head that breahs "better" than a Waterloo engine .
If the intake and exhaust are not restricted plus injection timing is advanced up to spec . Check that the coolant stat is working and keeping the coolant at 195F.
In all probability she is working just fine . My 1640 is of the same era and uses the same engine de-rated to only 54 pto HP. She will make a little bit of visible black smoke when fully loaded .

 

[JD2210_homefarm]

i have a chamberlain 3380 which has 5800 hours and it smokes very bad when working but clear as day when at idle and at high rpm with out load.
has a cav lucas pump
new injectors
i am thinking that it may be the fuel adjustment
than one got any ideas

Was recently working on a JD2210 bi annual maintenance, non turbo.
Changed oil, replaced filters etc, then upon run up it would only get to 2200rpm, any higher or under load it would start puffing out black smoke.
Digging deeper, I read about running it without air filters to troubleshoot, low an behold it ran beautifully. What I realized in there are two levels of air filters in the box. A primary paper, but there is also an inner finer filter ( which in guessing was original), totally clogged. Got a new inner fine filter, also replaced fuel filter.
After replacement of all "4" filters, oil, fuel, 2air. All runs like new. Hope this helps someone out there.
Essentially in my case, the clogged filter was restricting air flow at high, rpm/torque thus running super rich.

 

[Williy]

I have never seen any blck smoke from the exhaust on our tractor at any time. When i'm tilling i'm at a crawl

willy

 

[rScotty]

I have never seen any blck smoke from the exhaust on our tractor at any time. When i'm tilling i'm at a crawl

willy

Well, that's the beauty of your modern computer-controlled common rail diesel .... very little to no diesel smoke.

Older style mechanically injected diesels with their individual injectors find it hard to avoid a puff of black smoke when the load changes. Us old tractor guys put up with the occasional puff of smoke for the sake of simplicity and reliability.

Black smoke is just incompletely burnt fuel. It's not more power, it's lost power. With a little experience It's easy to minimize or fix.

 

[Williy]

Thanks rScotty I didn't know that. Ya learn something
new every day.

I can remember when chopping hay with an IH 100 HP
going up a hill it would belch out some black smoke but
that's the only time I can remember that it did that.

willy

 

[zzvyb6]

My 1435 & F935 diesel mowers both smoke black going up a hill in high grass. I believe the governor is calling for more rpm but its falling behind, hence a constant, full, fuel load is being delivered but not helping the rpm. Once the rpm comes up, they are fine. so: torque related: cut the losses sharpen blades, or raise the combustion rate works on them. even tire pressure.