Oil & Fuel 3510i runaway engine

/ 3510i runaway engine #1  

Clove

New member
Joined
May 8, 2018
Messages
4
Location
Clayton, ON, Canada
Tractor
Branson 3510i
I had a very scary incident yesterday and now that I've finished "instantly aging" by a few years I've realized it's very possibly my own fault.

I was changing the oil and filter on my 3510i (something I've done several times before). Upon completion I started up the tractor and let it idle for a few minutes to check for leaks. Everything appeared fine, so I slowly throttled up to around pto speed (2500) and all of a sudden the engine just kept going. Smoke filled the garage quickly and I couldn't get the tractor to idle down or the engine to stop. I checked the throttle linkage thinking perhaps it was stuck or seized, but it appeared fine. It had a life of its own and I ran like **** over to the house to call 911 knowing full well that at the very least I was about to have a major fire on my hands. A side note here to anybody who might be thinking of getting a MagicJack Internet phone...DON'T! Right when you need it most it will likely fail. In my case I could hear the 911 operator, but they couldn't hear me! They told me to hang up and they'd call me back and that worked on their second attempt. By that point the tractor had stopped and the smoke was slowly clearing out if the garage. I've called the local dealer and have made arrangements
to have him look over the tractor and see where things are at. Hoping like heck that it's still useable.

So now that I've been able to sleep on it and replay the incident in my head many times, here's why I think I might be at fault:

After going to the dealer earlier in the day to pick up a new oil filter and two large jugs of oil (4L each) I got home and started to work:

1) I completely drained the oil into the oil pan (which already had some oil in it from a previous atv oil change) and removed the existing oil filter.
2) I installed the new oil filter and reinstalled the drain plug.
3) I had a previous jug of oil that still had about 1 to 1.5L in it and I decided to use this first since it would give me an empty container into which I could pour out the old oil from the oil pan.
4) I found another empty container in the garage and decided to pour out the old oil from the pan so that I could take it safely to the local hazardous waste depot.
5) I resumed filling the tractor with new oil. Tractor needs 6.1L of oil, so given I bought two 4L jugs that means 1 full jug and half of the other.
6) Checked the dipstick, and showed full, maybe even a bit beyond (I find that new oil hard to see against the dipstick).
7) Put the filler cap back on and cleaned up any small oil drips.
8) And the story as foretold begins.

So you've likely caught where I screwed up. Rather than staying focused on finishing the oil change first, I decided that I was going to empty the oil pan mid way thru. In my mind I was always going to add one and half jugs of new oil, like I've always done before, but because I looked to use some existing oil to empty that container for disposal use I tinkered with my methodology. I simply forgot that I had already added oil before getting back into things. So I have no doubt that I overfilled the crankcase with oil and this lead to what is known as a runaway diesel engine. I had no idea what this was, but good old Google was quick to show me many images, videos and articles about this exact phenomenon.

So now a question to anybody who might know more about this than I do: The tractor stopped this runaway after about 45 to 60 seconds on its own. I'm hoping it's not because the engine is shot. I'm hoping/guessing that maybe it stopped because it burned the extra oil off and once the oil level returned to a more normal capacity it was no longer able to pull that excess oil as a source of fuel. Is this possible? If so, given it stopped doing this rather quickly, is there a likelihood that the engine is ok?

I've drained all the oil again, and quantity wise I'd say there's about 6.5 to 7 L that came out. If anybody has experienced this, would you try to add oil again and restart the tractor? I'm a bit worried that I could cause more damage to the engine if there's something else at play here, but I also feel very sure that the issue was excessive oil in the engine. In any event, any thoughts/advice would be appreciated, and of course one of the main reasons for sharing this story is to help others avoid a potentially scary and dangerous situation (and also to avoid buying a MajicJack! :thumbdown: )

Cheers,
Chris
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #2  
First of all, 6 liters of oil on that engine is way more than it needs. Not sure where you got the 6.1 L number. This engine will take 4.3 L according to the manual. I'm looking at the manual for my tractor which is a F36R ( same as 3515 over in the US) but the engine is the same as yours.

I would get the proper oil quantity and rotate the engine by hand for a couple of turns to check if it is not seized. I believe you can get a wrench on the front pulley nut.

EDIT: For some reason, it says 6.1L on the TractorData website. However it seems awful lot for a 1700cc engine.

Here is a screenshot of the manual for my tractor.

3510.jpg
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #3  
Always keep a co2 fire extinguisher on hand and if it runs away again, just blow it off into the intake. It will choke itself off.

We had an old Alis Chalmers on the ranch that would run away even after replacing the cut off solenoid. It was probably bad seals, but it always got a blast of Co2 at least once a year.
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #4  
It not much more to do than try, the oil looked fine? No metal particles?

You could safeguard your self by have something to cut off air supply with when you start it. Did it go much over normal rpm? If not then the engine should be ok.
 
/ 3510i runaway engine
  • Thread Starter
#5  
Interesting! I'll go try this now. The previous owner (who misplaced the owners manual) told me it took about 6L of oil and online I've seen anywhere between 4.3 to 7L. I guess because I never had an issue before using 6L of oil I figured it seemed reasonable.
 
/ 3510i runaway engine
  • Thread Starter
#6  
It not much more to do than try, the oil looked fine? No metal particles?

You could safeguard your self by have something to cut off air supply with when you start it. Did it go much over normal rpm? If not then the engine should be ok.


Oil looked ok, albeit a bit dark in colour for new oil (not surprising given what occurred). No metal particulate that was visible or that I could feel with my finger tips.

I refilled with new oil and hand turned the engine to make sure it wasn't seized. Took the necessary safeguard steps and decided I would try to restart the tractor. Great news was that it started up as usual, burned off a bit of residual oil quickly and then performed as it always has. Idled up to pto speed and back down with no issues. Thank goodness!

Guess that pain in my arse is a horseshoe. Phiew! :laughing:
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #7  
Good to hear that you probably by time can add it to your collecting of tractor stories ;)
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #8  
Interesting (and scary) event.

What I suspect happens with overfilling the crankcase is that your breather plumbing
gets overwhelmed, and oil gets into the intake. Eventually, the excess oil gets burned
off.

I suspect that the runaway engine's speed is somewhat self-limiting. As it goes faster
and faster, the valves will float and reduce compression. It is amazing how soft the
springs are in these small diesel engines; they are designed for speeds of only about
3000 RPM max.

As to the question of engine damage, I would not expect any, as long as your floating
valves did not hit the tops of your pistons.

Anyway, it has never happened to me, but I have rebuilt a number of these engines, and
they are quite robust. If you don't have a gas fire extinguisher, then stalling the tractor in
high gear may be your only option.
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #9  
Glad it's working again! Try to confirm the oil quantity situation with the dealer or the manual for the 10 series just to make sure. Anyway, the dipstick should have the little mark at the right level.
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #10  
Interesting. I'm glad it seems to have worked out for you. My dad used to work on tractors and heavy equipment. He said years ago that a guy always had his tractor run away in a certain part of his field. After a few passes with him, they discovered that he was passing over a leaking gas pipeline and the fumes were entering the intake and causing the run away.
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #11  
First of all, 6 liters of oil on that engine is way more than it needs. Not sure where you got the 6.1 L number. This engine will take 4.3 L according to the manual. I'm looking at the manual for my tractor which is a F36R ( same as 3515 over in the US) but the engine is the same as yours.

I would get the proper oil quantity and rotate the engine by hand for a couple of turns to check if it is not seized. I believe you can get a wrench on the front pulley nut.

EDIT: For some reason, it says 6.1L on the TractorData website. However it seems awful lot for a 1700cc engine.

Here is a screenshot of the manual for my tractor.

View attachment 553158

My Kioti is a 2L and it takes 8L of oil. So, 6.1L doesn't seem unreasonable to me. The OP did say that he checked the oil level.

I would still investigate further. I'd hate to make an assumption and it turn out wrong and result in an accident.
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #12  
I've just referred that since the engine seems to be the same for the 3510 and my tractor. Although I can't find anywhere what engine fits the 3510 or any info of the tractor for that matter. I know mine is a A1700T3 which has a somewhat shallow oil pan. In fact, the dealer did the first service last month and I was there watching and he just put about 3.5L of oil in the engine.

Anyway, the best option is to fill the engine till it gets the correct level at the dipstick. Obviously I don't want to turn the OP wrong and causing bigger problems after that. I've already said to check the level in my last post.
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #13  
I wasn’t suggesting you were steering the OP wrong. One thing I would caution, is not going over on your oil change intervals. That’s a small oil volume and it won’t hold a lot of particulate before it sludges.
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #14  
To be honest, this engine seems to run really clean for some reason. On the 50 hours service, the oil was still very clean and clear. It was just starting to get a little bit darker, not much though. This tractor doesn't have DPF which probably helps a bit. I'm at 58 hours now, I will see how it goes on the next service.
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #15  
EGR is the big thing that causes oil fouling but the extra backpressure from a DPF will do it also.

Clean oil is good though. Hopefully it keeps up. Full syn, every 100 hours or one year whichever comes first will keep that engine running optimally for many many years.
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #17  
Yes, I saw that also. However it says the same for the 2810 with an even smaller engine. 10 series info is really hard to find.

Branson Bob, how much oil do you use on your 3520?
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #18  
If your Branson is like mine, the dipstick is confusing. It doesn't have a "low" and/or "Full" mark. It just as a series of 6 or so evenly spaced marks. The manual says keep it below the lower and upper limit, and shows a illegible picture of the dipstick the leaves you clueless as to where those limits are. Mine calls for some 6.4 liters of oil, which takes it to the next to top mark. The whole thing could be explained a lot clearer.
Is it concluded that Op's runaway problem was caused by an overfull crankcase? When I got my tractor, it was full of oil past the top mark up to where oil could almost run out the dipstick hole (!!!!). I ran it that way for 10 or so hours before I noticed and drained about 2 quarts out. Never had a runaway problem.
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #19  
I suspect that the OP's runaway issue was not a result of overfilling. I'm not sure it was truly a runaway condition either, it may have just been a stuck throttle or something.

Additional note: I don't know a lot about the specs of this engine. Is it a Tier IV emissions? Could it have entered into a regen cycle?
 
/ 3510i runaway engine #20  
Yes the dipstick on mine is exactly like you described. I just leave the oil level to the top mark since I do a lot of work on steep hills and I don't want the engine to starve with the lack of oil.
 

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