Joined just to share my recent experience since this thread was helpful. I have a John Deere 850 that was running fine.. I don't run it too often but ran it the day before and then came out and it wouldn't turn over.. didn't really do anything. I figured OK apparently the alternator isn't charging the battery and hooked up a charger. Next day with battery at 100% the same thing.
This set forth a series of tests. I first checked the cable connections to the battery. They were basically fine.. I had recently put a new battery on it and used dialectic grease so there wasn't any corrosion. Tightened just in case and still nothing. I thought ok maybe a safety switch.. so I wiggled all the levels and rocked it back and forth etc. with nothing. That's when I decided maybe the ignition switch went bad. I pulled the switch out, and it's a little confusing. If anyone else comes across this.. there are two wires that you should concern yourself with.. the thick white wire is a hot wire that comes off the starter to the ignition switch. There's a black wire with a white strip, that returns to the solenoid on the starter and this is where you want to check that when you turn the switch, that you register 12v. In my case it was fine and therefore I ruled out the safety switches as well as the ignition switch.
So my mind thought.. OK .. my solenoid has gone out since it wouldn't even click. I pulled the starter and took it down to Autozone. They were able to hook it up to their test machine and it fired right up. This was a big help because that isolated the issue to having a bad ground as some of the posters on here had advised. I bought a new ground cable and headed home. Installed the starter. Replaced the ground cable and when I was loosening the bolt in the frame for the ground cable I noticed it was basically stripped. It was tight.. but the threads were mashed flat. I found another bolt laying around and grabbed a nut and was able to secure the cable using the bolt with the nut to lock it down. Turned the key and she fired right up!
Thanks to all of the posters before me, it helped a lot. My father passed away last year and although he tought me a lot it is always nice to hear the voice of experience when mine is no longer here.