You didn't mention what your framework is to be made of, but I'm assuming some sort of square tubing..? I agree with NC Tractor Driver about going ahead, and building the frame work, but with an added twist.
You mentioned sliding the rods in from the top. I'm thinking..., come in from the bottom. Drill completely through your bottom rail. Here again, I'm assuming you will drill your top rail at the same time, so as they will line up.
(I built grills for my stall fronts, and doors. There are 4 rails, and 3/8" rods, spaced 2" O.C., and some are up to 8' long. I tacked them all together, and drilled all the holes at the same time, so as to line up.)
Tack your top arch in place, so you can remove to drill. Everything is in place, and you can get a rough measure to cut your rods.
Slide the rods up through the bottom, until it just touches the arch. You can then mark where each rod goes. Keep in mind you will get some deflection if laying horizontally. So clamping something to it for a good straight edge is advisable. Or small blocks/strips of something to carry them to keep them straight. I used a piece of 3/4" X 1/8" angle iron, and Vise-Grips to old in place.
While also in this position, you can get the angle the holes need to be drilled at. I'm thinking being it's in a radius, it may be different than a straight line angle. Maybe just undersize the hole, then finish with the proper size at the proper angle, with the pilot hole for something to get started into. Too bad they don't make Forstner bits for steel..., LOL...
Re-tack the arch, and slide the rods up through. You may still need to ream the holes to get them through, but you ought to be pretty close.
If you cut them over length, as to what ever the bottom rail will allow, it will also allow you to slide back and forth to get the top to match across the arch. A combination square is a good friend in the shop for things like this.
Although you will have all those holes in the bottom of the bottom rail to stitch shut, it seems it would be the easiest way to get your rods in line...
Just some food for thought. Sorry to be so long in the explaination... I have a tendency to look at things differently..., and takes a while to 'splain...