Diesel engines, all other things being equal, will ALWAYS get better FE because the fuel has more BTUs. I think diesel (D2) has about 13% more BTUs. Out of the gate the diesel has a head start by virtue of this fact.
Add ethanol into gasoline, and that comparison looks even better.
On my rainy-day reading list..... Figure out if govt mpg ratings are based on pure gasoline, or E10.....
Rgds, D.