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Renewable energy in China
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China is the
world's leading country in electricity production from renewable energy sources, with over triple the generation of the second-ranking country, the
United States.
[1] China's
renewable energy sector is growing faster than its
fossil fuels and
nuclear power capacity, and is expected to contribute 43 percent of global renewable capacity growth.
[2] China's total renewable energy capacity exceeded 1,000GW in 2021, accounting for 43.5 per cent of the country's total power generation capacity, 10.2 percentage points higher than in 2015. The country aims to have 80 per cent of its total energy mix come from non-fossil fuel sources by 2060, and achieve a combined 1,200GW of solar and wind capacity by 2030.
[2]
Although China currently has the world's largest installed capacity of hydro, solar and wind power, its energy needs are so large that in 2019, renewable sources provided 26% of its electricity generation
[3]—compared to 17% in the U.S.A.
[4]—with most of the remainder provided by coal power plants. In early 2020, renewable energy comprised about 40% of China's total installed electric power capacity, and 26% of total power generation. Nevertheless, the share of renewable sources in the energy mix had been gradually rising in recent years, and China has pledged to achieve
carbon neutrality before 2060 and peak emissions before 2030.
China sees renewables as a source of
energy security and not just only to reduce
carbon emission.
[5] China's Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution issued by China's State Council in September 2013, illustrates the government's desire to increase the share of renewables in China's
energy mix.
[6] Unlike oil, coal and gas, the supplies of which are finite and subject to geopolitical tensions, renewable energy systems can be built and used wherever there is sufficient water, wind, and sun.
[7]