PTO clutches do not protect against all damage. A PTO clutch is designed to only lessen the possibility against catastrophic damage and consequential damage to the implement and or the tractor. If an implement like a tiller is being used and it goes from full speed to a complete stop in milliseconds, then the likely hood something will absorb most of the inertia and that part or parts will fail. Hence you would want a tine to break rather than an internal part in a gearbox.
Most of the PTO clutches being used on tillers have a torque setting of 650-1000 nm +/- 15%. This setting is when the clutch is new and unused. Use history, altitude, atmospheric pressure, ambient temperature, relative humidity all have a an effect on a clutch. It is impossible for someone to say, set a 2 plate clutch's springs at a certain distance of compression and the clutch will be set to slip at X-HP. Different manufacturers use different tensions on their springs and different materials in their friction disc's. Tightening a nut on a spring may not increase the clutch setting. If the condition of the clutch friction disc's is worn or glazed then they should be replaced. If the clutch was slipped and the paint on the clutch is discolored the springs, friction disc's and or the metal plate may need to be replaced.
The primary reason you slip the clutch before use is to make sure that there is not any surface tension on the friction disc's caused by rust. If you want to reduce the spring tension on the compression springs then do so. If you reduce it too much you could reduce the life of the clutch parts because the clutch is slipping too much. Common sense is the best safety protection and operator can have. If you use you tiller in a rock garden the the life of it components may be reduced. Inspect the area before you till. Ask questions like what has been in this area in the past. If you don't know the area don't till at maximum tilling depth. Trust the factory settings and try to stay close to their recommendations.