The thermostat was most likely removed in an attempt to fix the over heating problem, or maybe the original thermostat failed on closed mode. If over hearing with the thermo out, as you found, then you know there is another problem and a new thermo will not fix that. It may be as simple as a matted radiator grid, a failing water pump, or restricted water passages in the head. Matted radiator can be soaked with hydrogen peroxide and left to soften for a half hour before gently rinsing the crud away. Water pumps are not so hard to replace and some can be repaired. Clogged passages MUST be cleared! Heads warp, gaskets blow, pre-ignition robs powder and damages rod bearings and wrist pins. Commercial prepared organic acid flush agents are effective in most cases, follow the directions.
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