<font color="blue"> And Don, if you read this, how large a tank would we need to handle a six burner cook top for a couple of hours? </font>
Oops, missed this question when I responded earlier. What I do, is do the math. There's about 100,000 BTU's per hour per gallon of propane. Propane weighs 4.2 pounds per gallon, so there's about 24,000 BTU's per pound.
Determine the max BTU's of each burner. A typical burner might be anywhere from 10,000 to 30,000 per burner. Assume 15,000 BTUs - pretty typical. Therefore, a 6 burner grill, running wide open, will use 90,000 BTU's per hour, or will pretty much empty a 20# cylinder (about 450,000 BTU) in less than 5 hours.
But, there are some other factors involved. First of all, it's pretty unlikely anyone would use a 6 burner grill wide open for the entire cooking time, unless they really want crispy critter cooking. So, it's a matter or interpolation as to how many BTU's are actually being used.
There's another factor -- which gets pretty technical. Propane is stored in the tank as a liquid under pressure. It's used as a vapor. What happens is as some vapor is used, the pressure decreases, allowing the liquid to boil and create more vapor. The boiling point is about -43 degrees F. It gets the heat necessary to boil by absorbing it through the cylinder walls from the surrounding area.
As long as the vapor is not being used up too fast, the process of boiling to create more vapor can keep up with consumption. But, if it's too cold outside (less than 50 degrees F.), and the burners are using the vapor too fast, the heat from the surrounding air is pulled in even faster than can be maintained. The wall of the cylinder gets really, really cold, actually forming a rime of ice on the outside of the tank. The process "locks up" from lack of heat, the liquid no longer boils, and the vapor is no longer supplied.
What makes this whole process tricky is that the heat is only absorbed through the wetted area of the cylinder. Thus, when a cylinder is full, and almost the entire surface is wetted, there's plenty of area in which to absorb heat. As the cylinder empties, the wetted area gets smaller and smaller, and the more the likelihood the process will lock up.
This often happens to roofers, for example, whose tar pots burn so hot, and use propane so fast, that even a large, 100 pound cylinder will lock up when it gets too much below, say, 1/4. It also happens to large, industrial boilers, even when they are withdrawing from a 1,000 gallon tank, when the weather is very cold.
The answer for large applications is a heating process for the tank, often a type of electric blanket. The answer for small applications is to use a larger tank, in order to delay the lock up as much as possible. Some grill companies, for example, recommend a 40# cylinder with their larger grills, for this reason.
For a commercial application, a 40# cylinder will take care of all normal needs, even with 120,000 BTU grill. While a 20# cylinder would probably lock up at 2 - 3 hours, even though it still has 1 - 2 hours of propane left, a 40# cylinder wouldn't lock up until 6 - 7 hours.
There. Now you know more about propane than you wanted to know. But, I saw one of the docs today for a followup, and I'm not doing so well - ordered me to complete couch potato status, which means that I have more time than ever to wear people out with interminably long answers. I promise to limit it to only things I know something about, so you probably won't see it too often.
And please, no Hank Hill jokes...