Best way for you to know something,is to try it yourself,try welding on ac than try dc,you'll see why dc is better,you don't really need to know why

But on ac,you are half welding compared to dc[to make it short.] [forgot to add,,that is dc positive,or dcep,stinger cable connected to +,,,you can also do it the other way,dcen,stinger connected to -,,most generally its always dcep,but you could try it all ways,dcep,dcen,and ac,and see what the differences are.]
As far as welding on rust,sure you can,,but you won't see any body on a pipe job that is going to be x-rayed,[whose job is on the line],making a weld on rusty,dirty,greasy paint on,pipe joint. So,there is a reason for cleaning your weld area,,and the only reason I can think that somebody at home or on the farm not cleaning their weld area before welding,is their welds wouldn't show any difference either way:laughing:
The first two numbers on a rod,give the tensile of the rod[6011,6010 is 60,000,],,7018 is 70,000],,,but about any thing your average fixer upper will be welding on,,a 60xx rod will beat,,you also have other factors to consider as well,,yeild strength for example,,and if using a 7018 rod,if its not kept in a rod oven at the right temp from time can is opened through out,it ain't lo hi any mores,so,,,many negatives against using 7018 for your average home welder as opposed to using a non lo/hi rod[60xx]