Strap and Chain Safety

   / Strap and Chain Safety #21  
Ummm... Look at speed of green tractor with orange orange (20,000 pound) straps fail....look at speeds of green tractor when yellow (their product) fails... Inertia of pulling tractor figures in a lot in these tests....

But granted if you put enough energy into any strap it can fail.... Using some sort of dampener might help under less abusive "test" conditions...

Dale

You do know that the video was about finding a dampener that actually works.....right? That is why they had a dozer on one end and a very large Deere on the other....to break straps with cameras rolling.

"Their product"? I didn't see them selling a product. They were testing many different strap control designs.
 
   / Strap and Chain Safety
  • Thread Starter
#22  
The theory that "less abusive" conditions make a difference is probably wrong, and I can tell you why.

The thing that matters when a strap or other connector breaks is the applied force. When it comes to things like ropes, engineers and physicists use the word "tension" to describe force. It's the same thing. A strap will always break at the same level of tension, no matter how fast the tractor is going. If a strap's breaking strength is 1000 pounds, it should always break at the instant it reaches that level of tension, regardless of how the tension is applied.

Energy is stored in straps and other objects under tension through stretching. The amount of stretching--the displacement from the resting position--is going to be exactly the same at any given level of tension, so the amount of stored energy should be exactly the same. When a strap breaks, stored energy is turned into kinetic energy--the energy of motion--and a given amount of stored energy will always produce a fixed amount of kinetic energy, which means a fixed maximum velocity.

If you break a strap at 2 mph or 20 mph, you should end up with the same broken-strap velocity, except for whatever tiny contribution might come from the extra 18 mph.

If you break a rubber band slowly or quickly, it will still send its ends flying at very high speed.

A tractor moving at high speed has the potential to apply more tension to a strap because force is the time derivative of momentum, which is mass times velocity. When a fast tractor reaches the end of a strap, it has a more momentum than a slow tractor, and the momentum is applied to the strap faster, so you would expect more force. This is why jerky movements break things. The strap can only handle so much force, though, so the force applied to the strap will limit out at the strap's breaking strength regardless of the tractor's speed.

I am right about the theory, but because my training is in physics, not engineering, I may be wrong about the breaking characteristics of straps. Unlike engineers, physicists don't learn much about real objects people actually use. For all I know, there are real-world characteristics of straps which would cause them to behave strangely when forces are applied quickly.

The big lesson I'm taking away from all this is that the only real answer to the problem is to use an oversized strap or chain your tractor can't break. If there is a better answer, I haven't seen it yet, and it looks like the Youtube people haven't either.

I don't think my 37-HP tractor could break my strap at top speed, and I don't jerk it anyway. Hope I'm right. I bought a very thick strap in order to avoid problems.
 
   / Strap and Chain Safety #23  
<snip>
The big lesson I'm taking away from all this is that the only real answer to the problem is to use an oversized strap or chain your tractor can't break. If there is a better answer, I haven't seen it yet, and it looks like the Youtube people haven't either. <snip>

That’s good advice. No doubt that there are some knowledgeable and experienced people in this conversation that can safely use snatch straps, but I’m not one of them. If I can’t accomplish the task with a static tow strap or chain I break out a shovel.
 
   / Strap and Chain Safety #24  
The theory that "less abusive" conditions make a difference is probably wrong, and I can tell you why.

The thing that matters when a strap or other connector breaks is the applied force. When it comes to things like ropes, engineers and physicists use the word "tension" to describe force. It's the same thing. A strap will always break at the same level of tension, no matter how fast the tractor is going. If a strap's breaking strength is 1000 pounds, it should always break at the instant it reaches that level of tension, regardless of how the tension is applied.

That would be true if a strap was a single monolithic strand so it gave all at once. Since most straps are composed of many tiny strands, when it starts to go, some of those strands give more quickly than others. If you pull slowly, some of the energy will dissipate as the individual strands break. With a quick jerk, more strands give at the same time. That's not to say that a slow break is "safe": as strands start to go, more strain is put on the remaining strands. The fewer remaining, the faster they break. I have no idea how much might be dissipated in a slow break, but I'm guessing the difference is minor.
 
   / Strap and Chain Safety
  • Thread Starter
#25  
That's a great comment on the difference between theory and reality. I wonder if it's correct, though. When you apply tension to a strap, you're not going to do it in tiny increments. Tractors are clumsy machines. Even if you're not taking a running start, you're going to apply tension pretty quickly.

I wonder if anyone has ever seen a strap break gradually under typical circumstances.

Another thing: would this apply to chains? A chain only has two fibers holding it together at any point, and they're both steel. I assume that because chains are welded, they break quickly instead of slowly opening up.
 
   / Strap and Chain Safety
  • Thread Starter
#27  
That strap test video showed a strap being pulled very gradually, but when it snapped, it still broke violently.

The chain also broke violently.
 
   / Strap and Chain Safety #28  
That's a great comment on the difference between theory and reality. I wonder if it's correct, though. When you apply tension to a strap, you're not going to do it in tiny increments. Tractors are clumsy machines. Even if you're not taking a running start, you're going to apply tension pretty quickly.

"Gradually" is a relative thing. We are probably talking about the difference between a second or less for a "slow" break vs less than 1/10 second for a fast break (I'm just making those numbers up, but it's not like a slow break gives you 5 seconds, unless you've got a very unusual or damaged strap). Even when load is applied gradually, a strap will generally break "quickly" to the eye. It's not like the cartoon breaks or the adventure movie breaks where they need to build the suspense. If the strap breaks more quickly than the elastic rebound of some of the first strands to break, the energy of those strands is dissipated. As I mentioned, I expect the effect is minor. Either way, a breaking strap is likely to be a hazard.
 
 

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