The army doesn't tie to the axle. This is very interesting reading..
http://www.tea.army.mil/pubs/nr/deploy/fgpamphlets/pam_55-19.pdf
Also, from another forum..
Google "TEA PAM 55-20 Tiedown Handbook for Truck Movements". I'd post here, but it's 4.7 MB.
BTW, just for your edification, both PAM 55-19 (Rail movements) and 55-20 (Truck movements) make the following statement:
"A. Preparing Payload Vehicles Prior to Loading
1. Be sure all shackles are on the vehicle. Do not use bumperettes, axles, towing pintles, or towing hooks as points of attachments for chains.
....."
According to these military documents, for rail, truck (and sea) movement of vehicles, the military exclusivley uses chain or wire rope and secures vehicles by the frame, not the axles. FWIW.