The best and cheapest studs you can get are called Kold Kutters, they are hex head screws that are hardened and have a dished out head. They are made for studding ice racing tires for motorcycles.
I use them on my wader boots for fishing. They grab on slippery rocks like glue. They last very well. I have used them for 2 seasons of fishing (60-70 trips/season) lots of walking on gravel, rocks and paved areas. They do not come out easily.
You can get different length of threads from 3/8 on up.
approx $20 for approx. 250 screws
here is a link
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