I'm from CA and have a buddy who is a state tracker. I also have a buddy who is married to a game warden. In the SF Bay Area, they have a terrible problem with lions. After the state protected them, and made it illegal to hunt them, the poplulation exploded and human/lion encounters became common.
When there was a deer season, less then a hundred cats a year where killed. After they became protected, the state has to hire trackers to hunt down and kill problem lions. My buddy kills over a dozen a yer himself, and several hundred a year a killed statewide. All at tax payer expense after a problem has been reported and verified to be a lion.
For those who say that they have a huge range and travel long distances, that's only true in some areas. In populated areas where they have killed off all the deer, they live off of pets. People are advised to never leave a pet outside. A lion can easily jump a fence, kill a pet and eat it without you ever knowing it was back there. Friends have seen them sunning themselves from the back windows of their homes, and jobs. Lawrence Livermore Lab has a huge population of them that regularly wonder into town and become problem animals.
They travel along creeks and flood control canals. Those neighborhoods are just about a war zone with issues and confrontations with lions. It was big news when one was found asleep in a shed. The police showed up while it was still in there and reported that it woke up, came outside, jumped an 8 foot fence without touching it and disapeared. Multiple witnesses in the middle of the day made it big news!!!!
An adult lion will eat a deer a week when available. When they can't find deer, they go to what else is available. If food is around them, they don't travel very far and will stay in that area as long as there is something to eat.
They kill for fun. Crow Canyon is an area close to where I'm from that is still rural and the people who live there still raise livestock and have horses. Horse attacks are failrly common, but not always fatal. A strong healthy horse is usually pretty safe if it has enough room to get away and fight off an attack. Sometimes they are hurt more in getting away then from the lion. Either way, my buddy has to come out and see if it was a lion, wild dogs or just a skittish horse. Once he can prove it's a lion, he begins hunting for it. He can go on any private property to do this. He hunts at night with his dogs. I've been racoon hunting with him and it's pretty exciting, but I've never been on a lion hunt.
Once the lion is killed, it's taken to a place that examines it. They want to know if they got the right lion or not. Usually they don't know, and just wait to see if any more attacks happen.
Lions get into a killing spree and will kill all the sheep or goats in a pen. This has made the news a few times, but most of the time it's not reported. He says that some of them are dead, others are wounded and have to be put down. They are rarely eaten. You can guess why they do this, but nobody really knows what goes through their minds.
Here in TX, I'm told that there are lions in every county. I havent seen one or any sign of one yet, but a friend has a plane and he says he's seen them a few times while flying over his land and the surrounding area.
Eddie