Interesting read and the 9 pages of the thread Spyderlk linked also. There is a whole lot of "engineering speak" of how & where the forces act within a 3 pt hitch. While I'm not an engineer, I can mostly follow the theories and that they aren't completely over my head. Is it a simple question to answer with absolute perfection? Nope, that's pretty evident. Can it be dummed down enough for the average person? Sure, as long as they understand they are using simplified math to do so and some loss of accuracy is inherent in doing such. LD1s ratio is probably the easiest to use BUT that only works if you have the dimensions to get the ratios. In a practical sense, we are typically limited by either a) the hyd force on the lift arms or b) weight on the front of the tractor.
To Sodo's point about loading to the max with known numbers I can add my experience:
Kubota B3300SU
My manual spec is 1786 lbs @ lift points and 1400 lbs @ 24" behind lift point. I am unsure if "lift point" means the end of the lift link or the ball end.
My manual also states (under the "implement limitations" section) a max loading on the lower link ends of 800 lbs and a chart of max implement weights with 550 lbs being the highest
I have 2 toplink holes and am using the top hole. Manual says top is standard and "lower hole is only used when some obstacle prevents you from using the standard"
I have an 850 lb LPGS
build thread here that is 5' long with the COG roughly in the center of it plus 3.5" of hitch brackets
I have started using a quick hitch with it this summer which pushed it back about 4.5" and weighs about 75 lbs (online number, not actual....I suspect it is lighter)
I have 2 choices on my lower links to attach the lift arms which I am using the higher lift/lower capacity setting
Dimensions of the lower links are (from their pivot on the frame) 10" to the lift arm now, 12" to the other hole, 21" to the ball end.
It was -27C this morning so getting those measurements was the best I can do for now, I'm not starting the tractor to measure movement.
Last summer (without the quick hitch) it lifted fine but you definitely knew it was there.
This summer (4.5" further back) it struggles to lift it to full height and the front end is very light.
This puts the COG of my 925 lb lift at 49" behind my lift arm/lower link connection.
There was a couple times when it balled up with wet gravel that I could only lift it 4 or 5" before I ran out of hydraulics.
With added weight to keep the front down, it would lift to full height but it didn't like it so I am fairly comfortable this is right at my max lift (in my current configuration).
I readily accept that while this is what I have, It would only translate to other machines with exactly the same setup as I have, not a generic fits-all for machines with a rated 400 lbs @ 24" lift
Sodo, were you looking to just get the weight off the ground or lifted to full height? There would have been easily another couple hundred lbs of wet gravel when it barely lifted.