I have always wondered if anybody has estimated future use vs planned generation and transmission needs based on the new vision.
Oh my gosh, yes. Lots. I think you can almost see the eyes glaze over as people try to figure the impact of EVs that might be able to be bi-directional, absorbing energy when the price is low (or demand is low), and returning to the grid when the opposite is true. That's without getting into microgrids, home batteries, etc.
We lived through a saga here where the fact that a small number of houses had solar, and exported energy, the local grid was designed only to have power flow from the substation outward, and assumed that the voltage would get lower and lower as the customer got farther away. Solar upended that, giving us all sorts of issues.
My takeaway was that experience is that the old way of centralized power out to customers to distributed power is simple. The new reality of additional small (customer sized) generation is not simple, andthings like bidirectional EVs will make it more the system management and design more complicated if they start to return lots of power to the grid, which they can. I would say that not being simple is not the same as impossible, but the power engineers and planning folks have to switch mental gears in their planning, and that is hard at both the individual and the organizational level, at least in my experience.
Then add in monster customers like data centers that can be built in a fraction of the time of transmission lines, and things start to get crazy in load prediction terms. Utilities, I think, have gotten used to slow, cookie cutter design processes that can take a decade to design and build things. Fine; I understand that they have to do ROI that can stretch fifty or more years, so they have to get things right in terms of future costs to stay in business, but that lethargy makes them sitting ducks in a fast moving power demand environment. If every data center becomes self sufficient with (fill in the blank) power source and batteries, the power utilities will miss out on enormous amounts of revenue, and not just from data centers, but from other companies and individuals who drop off of the grid, which is
the nightmare scenario for power utilities.
This doesn't surprise me. It also will drastically increase demand for copper.
As the voltage goes up, aluminum becomes the preferred conductor, so probably not much in reality. Copper is 58% more conductive by density, but weighs 3.3 times as much. For home use, where there are lots of little connections to make, copper is more resistant to installer errors, and less prone to thermal expansion damage that leads to loose connections and fires.
All the best,
Peter