The OP doesn't say what he's using it for but,
for using them for snow anyway i've used standard tire chains from our cars on my JD fronts for almost 25 years to remove snow with the bucket on our shared paved roads. About a mile long altogether with one pretty steep hill and the rest rolling hills. The aluminum "easy on" type work great too. We don't get much snow, but when we do it can get a foot or two and they work great for me. I do have a fair amount of space on the JD and the LS so I lucked out there.
You do have to remember that you only have brakes on the rear axle so you definitely want a counter balance so drive accordingly.
I don't know, I've only used them in snow but don't see how it can damage the axle when the manufacturer already has a safety margin built in to the ratio to compensate for tire wear and the like. It's not gonna overheat working snow and for a certain extent will indent in ice and as far as mud/dirt it would neutralize the added radius with sinking into the ground. Even adding or subtracting air in your tires can technically change your tire radius/ratio at least to a small extent. With ladder type chains how much of it is absorbed into the tire when it hits the ground, kinda like driving over a rock.
As far as full radius chains, yeah I would give it a harder thought. I figure if you need those then you would definitely need rear chains anyway.
As far as traction you give chains too much credit, they will and do slip in snow, mud or dirt. Even a small part on dry pavement. As far as slip-grab then yes that is another story.
Definitely would not recommend using 4x on long stretches of dry roads let alone with chains.