20 years ago I built new house. It was a large two story, fairly well built. The first winter, we used the "high efficiency" (90% IIRC) central propane furnace. It cost over $3000 to heat that house.
The second winter, we used an unvented stand alone propane fireplace. It cost $600 to heat for the winter, although the winter was a bit milder than the previous winter.
The house also had a vented, glass front propane fireplace. That gave off very little heat.
For efficiency, I really like the unvented propane heaters. They are 99+% efficient.
Likewise, in my dad's house, he put in an unvented propane fireplace. His high efficiency (96%) central furnace had problems and he didn't bother to get it repaired, he was happy with the unvented gas fireplace. After dad died, my son lived there and again, stuck with the gas fireplace for all their heating.
YMMV
Ken
eta: My current house, has fair to poor insulation. We use a combination of wood stove, pellet stove, unvented propane heater, and, in mild weather, the heat pump. The wood stove heats the best but is the most work. As we get older, turning the dial on the propane heater gets more and more attractive although nothing heats as well as the wood stove.