Fuel oil - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Types of Heating Oil Fuels & Their Characteristics: What are the Different Petroleum-based Fuels and What are their Characteristics?
I've had the same questions. And getting to the bottom of it was/is very confusing. This is my current understanding. Please correct me or add to it and I will edit:
Red dye just means the distributor/customer didn't "render unto Caesar what is Caesars" (i.e. didn't pay gov'mint additional road tax). It has no bearing on whether it's #1 or #2 diesel, mix etc...
#2 Diesel is the common (summer) diesel used in trucks/tractors. Has more power (higher cetane number) than #1, but #2 begins to gel at +15° F. No.2 - 141,000 Btu/gal and 19,170-19,750 Btu/lb
#1 Diesel is used in the winter. #1 begins to gel at -40° F. Has less power than #2. No.1 - 137,000 Btu/gal and 19,670-19,860 Btu/lb.
Winter blend diesel may be #1 blended w/ #2.
Maybe has a cetane booster & lubricant additive.
Kerosene: My understanding is Kerosene is #1 oil which has been filtered to clean it up. And reduce smell when used for lamp oil or heaters? My understanding is kerosene does not have same lubricating properties as #1, but I'm not sure. Maybe it's lubricating properties are the same as #1, but lesser than #2?
Off-road home heating oil / fuel oil can be #1 or #2 depending on your heating system, where your storage tanks are, etc.. (Not sure, but I think it's usually #2?)
High sulphur fuel is 3400 ppm, low sulphur is 500 ppm and Ultra low is 15 ppm. A 15 parts per million (ppm) sulfur specification, known as Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD), was phased in for highway diesel fuel from 2006-2010. Diesel engines equipped with advanced emission control devices (generally, 2007 and later model year engines and vehicles) must use highway ULSD fuel.
When it comes to what you getting you really have to check with your supplier, and even that doesn't always work. I don't buy enough tractor fuel to buy off road, so I buy my diesel 5 gal at a time from local Hess station (who sells to on the road trucks, cars etc...). Last winter I called them and asked if they are selling winter mix. Flunky counter person had no clue, sends me up chain, finally speak to the "Manager of fuel distribution". Whoo-hoo, this guy ought to know! "Yep, it's winterized!" First night below 10 degrees, I go out next sunny day, tractor goes about 15 feet: "bleegh!"