For tractors with hydrostatic transmission, the pumps are designed VERY SPECIFICALLY to run at their rated RPM input speed, which is full throttle.
I don't know how many times I have to type this out on these forums. Hydro pumps on smaller machines have multiple pistons inside of them. If you work your tractor at less than full RPM, the load of pressurizing the oil is not distributed equally across all of the pistons inside the pump. This creates excessive heat and is hard on the seals on the pistons, since the load is not distributed across all pistons equally. This isn't rocket science. Hydrostatic tractors are designed to be run at full RPM. If your just moving the machine, or driving around, 3/4 throttle is ok. If your doing any kind of work, and you aren't running at full throttle, you shouldn't own a tractor. Why buy something to use it the wrong way? If you make a statement like this, you probably shouldn't own a tractor.
Tractors with gear transmissions and a controllable throttle are a different story, to some degree. While the drive-train is not controlled with hydro fluid, your hydraulic pump powering your loader, power steering, 3 pt arms, all of that stuff, is still suffering the same fate. The higher the RPM, the easier it is for your pump(s) to do their job. In turn, they will last longer.
Fuel economy in a diesel engine is more dependent on load, than RPMs. I wouldn't let that be a determining factor in your choice to run at certain RPM's. Why spend a minimum of $10,000 to get into a diesel tractor, and than gripe about buying $40 worth of fuel? You think your saving money on fuel, if you are, it is pennies worth, but you forget you are decreasing your hydro pump life. In the end, that will cost you money too.
The old myth about diesel engines running at high RPM's being bad for them is long gone. People forget that engines today, especially diesels, are built to tolerance levels greater than ever before. Machining is extremely refined, oil lubricating qualities have never been higher. Even the small Yanmar engines like the one in my X740, running at 3,600 RPM, can easily handle it. That actually isn't a high RPM at all. I have seen diesel engines go much higher, and last just as long as low RPM diesels. With the small displacements we are dealing with, you will see high RPM's. Get into larger displacements, max RPM's drop. Large locomotive engines reach full RPM at about 950 RPM, that's it. However, they are also 16 cylinder engines, with each cylinder having a displacement bigger than that of an entire diesel engine in an HD pickup truck.