If you are on the right side of the tractor, looking at the injector pump, the lever coming out of the "side" of the IP, that the solenoid activates, should be all the way forward to turn on the fuel. Or another way to look at it is the shaft coming out of the "side" of the IP, that the lever is attached to, should be rotated all the way "clockwise" for fuel on. You should be able to move it by hand back and forth. The lever on "top" of the IP is the throttle. This should move by the throttle control at the dash or with your hand.
You had advised you have fuel flowing up to the IP. This flow would be supplied by the fuel/lift pump that is located between the tank and filter and is mounted to the right side of the engine to the left and below the filter. It's about 2 1/2" dia. with about eight little screws on it's flat end. It's not much of a fuel flow but the fuel will flow. With the steel injector lines cracked at the top of the IP, as you did, and the IP fuel shut off lever all the way in the fuel on position, the cranking should prime the IP and push fuel out of where you cracked the connections at the top of the IP. If you can get fuel there, tighten these, then crack open the steel lines at the injectors to purge any air from the steel lines. If nothing comes out of the steel lines you cracked open, it seems like the IP is gone.
As mentioned, if it does start up at wide open throttle, you're going to have starve it of fuel or air to stop it. Disconnecting the battery won't stop it. Diesels just need fuel, air, and compression to run once they are started.