One thing you need to be very careful of is pulling any wire thru a long PVC conduit. The PVC, where any elbows are concerned (such as where it turns up to come out of ghe ground), is very easily "cut" by the pulling wire. It is NOT recommended to use something like a tractor to pull the wire, you will almost certainly pull the wire right thru the conduit.
I'm a licensed professional engineer and the NEC does not have "distance" limitations on wire sizes, but there are voltage drop problems which occur with loads over distance, but that is all a factor of the electrical load, and the distance of the wire. You should be carefull to look at your expected load of the barn, and perhaps pull a new service (100 amps is a good starting point) that you will know is adequate, and sized for your expected use.
The best advise I think is applicable is to get the assistance of someone who is knowledgable of sizing the needed service, and also pulling wires (a local electrical contractor is a good starting point). I've seen many situations where someone has pulled an old wire out of a conduit to quickly and destroyed a PVC conduit. Many times the pulling of the old wire is more problematic than putting in the new because the old wire does not have wire lubricant (I STRONGLY recommend using wire lubricant, NOT ORDINARY GREASE), for pulling the new wire.
Be careul and I recommend getting some local expertise to assist in this type of situation.
Todd