DK40SE Squeal When Moving in Reverse.

   / DK40SE Squeal When Moving in Reverse. #201  
Well in theory CM beware here comes some smoke.

The secondary pump used for steering and HST has a displacement of 0.61 cu inch per rev. At idle 1136 RPM's to be exact the pump has a 3 GPM flow rate. The HST when in neutral moves no fluid (this is a variable displacement pump) and should not have any losses and requires 0 GPM of flow. So in theory once 255 PSI is reached and the relief valve opens all 3 GPM flow returns to the tank.

If the charge relief valve we faulty or open the pressure would only build to the restriciton. If the opening was capable of 3 GPM flow then there would be 0 PSI. If it were partially closed causing a restiction pressure will build until the flow rate can be met. If lets say the hole was completely shut the pressure would build until something blew up (this is the reason for high pressure relief valves).

So the only way the pressure even at idle would be less than 255 PSI is if the valve in its closed position could pass 3 GPM below the relief point or there was no flow.

The only reason the HST would require more than 1100 RPM's to operate is when the HST pump looses more than 3 GPM of fluid which should never happen or only ever under extreme circumstances. When you run the motor at 2600 RPM's you are moving 6.86 GPM even when in neutral (this is a fixed displacement pump). So with the charge relief valve leaking fluid you would need to increase the RPM's to increase the pressure at the leak. A 50 PSI leak at 6.86 GPM is a huge hole. For comparison the slight restiction in the banjo bolt built well over 200 PSI. Its almost like the charge relief valve is not there or was never installed.

Tom
 
   / DK40SE Squeal When Moving in Reverse. #202  
I've added my text to the quote below, in blue, to clarify who said what and for clarity....

CM backoff there is nothing I can do. You can do what you have been doing- parsing out bits and pieces of information to all of us who get NOWHERE with our selling dealers or Kioti HQ. I do not have any special connection with Kioti. Call your dealer and order a banjo bolt. I ordered the one that is on the bottom of the HST filter. That is a useful piece of info so some of us could try what you've done/are doing currently, you're the only one who knows what bolt you and or us should order /try and now I /we finally have that piece of info to use as we see fit. That's all I needed to know to begin with. That is all that was needed they can lookup the part number and I don't know what it is. You can also get yourself some M18 fittings and make up a bypass hose as desribed earlier and shown by kattywumpus (thanks for the details and images). I'm not going to make up any fittings and do any testing myself- that is what my warranty should be covering and my dealer too. Except my warranty and my dealer and Kioti are all basically useless because they don't acknowledge a noise/squeal exists or if it did that it is something that needs to be fixed.

Now I don't think the bolt is the real problem. This is a restriction in the system and not good but this is not why my (I say my because none of you have tested yours) I haven't tested my pressures because I cannot get my dealer to even understand why the noise occurs or when, even though I have explained it in detail, but they are just not listening or hearing what I'm telling them. As both you and I said: they are all hoping we will go away and off warranty, the sooner the better. I'd have them test the charge pressure or whatever you say to test, if they would do what they and I agreed to first- let me demonstrate the noise to them instead of their ridiculous routine of reving up to 2500rpms and then in high gear stomping the pedal to create a squeal. HST is low on charge pressure. Removing a restiction improves the flow and the supply to the HST precharge. In addition to reducing flow this restriction could also cause an oscillation (squeal or noise) in the lines.

The output of the power steering is the low pressure flow that supplies the HST precharge. Maybe your dealer thinks you mean the output of the power steering control valve to the steering cylinders. I have no idea what he thinks- all I know is he read that part of your post and disagreed. I don't make the news, I merely pass along what I've been told to date. In a perfect systems this pressure should be identical to the HST precharge pressure (255 PSI). Any restrictions will add back pressure and 200+ PSI is almost 2x not what I want to see (that is one big oil heater).

We bring them a tractor and say there is an annoying squeal which I'll admit is subjective. They start up the tractor and mash the pedel down ... nope no squeal. Incorrect- they said they DID hear a squeal at that rpm and under those exact conditions that they created, without me being present. After much debate you show it to them and how to reproduce it. Haven't had the opportunity to do so- they already returned it to me with my grapple so I could use it. You must be doing something wrong. The squeal is subjective and easily deniable. Finally you convince someone and they go to work and try and fix the squeal. The amplitude and frequency of occurence starts off low but as we all know grows to even the slightest touch of the reverse pedel. How many service departments are going to take that much time?

If you bring your tractor in and say the charge relief pressure is low this is easily measured and verified. This is an objective problem there is no denying a measurement. Well I guess Kioti could issure an ECO thats modifies the value to say 205 PSI (that would be a huge mistake). Now you can't do this if you don't actually measure your tractor and know its low for sure. And? So? Significance is what?

Ok so let me try and explain the real problem without all the details. Why spare the details? Do you think we can't understand what you're getting at? This is what baffles me- why NOT include all the details so we can ALL be on the same playing field?! Your HST is a closed loop variable displacement pump and motor circuit. This circuit requires makeup oil to replace losses while operating. These losses vary depending on load and use. This is the flow in question and is controllerd by the charge relief valve. This valve should be closed until the pressure builds to 255 PSI. Once this happens the valve opens and passes the flow to the HSY case. Once the case fills with oil it overflows into the transmission and gears and back to the tank. If the relieve valve never fully closes then the pressure will only build to the remaining restriction. This leaves the HST with a reduced supply of fluid and under load conditions the HST can starve and cavitate. Just read through the desriptions in the "Service Manual". There are several places that identify low charge pressure with noise and a faulty or stuck charge relief valve. There is one problom though this valve is buried in the HST requires splitting the tractor and HST to examine (not good). EXACTLY! So Kioti, if they are aware of the stuck or faulty charge relief valve being the most likely cause, may have chosen to obfuscate the issue and use the credible deny-ability until it no longer works or they have a class action against them when enough customers get fed up of real problems beginning to rear their ugly head in the form of destroyed HST's, or other side effects of the actual problem NOT being addressed.

I suspect Kioti knows this (not sure about our dealers they may be on the darkside of the moon with the rest of us). Kioti is trying to find a solution that does not hurt them. AGREED. Tearing all these tractors down to fix the charge relief valve is a major hit to their margin. If they can improve flow maybe it will be good enough for us to go away (for now). After all we are not complaining about the charge pressure its the squeal. I suspect they found the banjo bolt restriction as did I and hoped it would do just that. Now for what ever reason they chose to change the hard line out entirely. Maybe this improves flow that much better. Maybe they did not consider just the bolt. By the way I have a larger hose and fittings than kattywumpus in my bypass maybe that accounts for the differing results. I won't know for sure until the parts arrive and hense the reason for delaying the solution or partial solution.

From what I have heard I am sure Kioti will back us but we need to bring them the real problem. They are not going to do extra work if they don't have to. All they need to do is nurse this along till the warrenty expires. This is not hard considereing the hours most of us put on the tractors per year.
Note: it is my understanding that hours are not a factor, the only thing that is is time since purchase.

One last comment- I'm NOT about to back off, and for your info I'm not on your case. Try for a minute to see things from the rest of our situation(s). We may not have your expertise, nor the time/ patience etc. to go make up fittings and test pressures at various places on our tractors. I for one would be willing to pay to have some tests performed while my tractor was at the dealer's but Saturday last it came home; and I'm not about to shell out $60hr each way to get it to the dealer and back again. So if my sense of urgency seems too much please do not take offense- I'm just trying to follow what you've done so I can bring what could have/ still needs to be done to my selling dealer.
YOU understand what you've done, but its all in YOUR head. I'm just trying to get it out on 'paper' so any of can read it as desired by anyone who wants to know more about what is going on. Additionally, I/we have no way of knowing where you get much of your info about what is going on in the HST, etc. other than it becoming clear that you seem to have referenced a parts book that I was not aware was available to the public. I do however own a shop and owner's manual, but have not tried to solve the squeal problem through their use.
If I have offended I apologize for doing so-it was not meant to offend; it was meant to get you to share more details than you seemed willing to. Mission accomplished:thumbsup:

So maybe we should refer to the problem in future as a charge relief pressure problem?
Your ball, in your court;)


Tom
 
   / DK40SE Squeal When Moving in Reverse.
  • Thread Starter
#203  
To summarize the issue:

Symptom Detectable by Customer: High pitch loud squeal when moving tractor in reverse, coming to a stop, and downing down hill after a warm up period. Very temperature dependent, occurs routinely during warm weather. A few customers have heard the sound driving forward.

Diagnostic Symptom: Some customers report low HST charge pressure at HST in-port. More owners and/or dealers need to verify this symptom.

Current Possible Causes:

HST charge line restrictions, but not likely the root cause. Reducing line restrictions can reduce or eliminate the symptoms but not likely fix the root cause.

HST charge relief value. The relief value maybe leaking or preforming abnormally resulting in low HST charge in-port pressure.

HST power piston, previously mention but currently no evident to indicate as root cause.

HST inlet check valve, previously mention but currently no evident to indicate as root cause.

Anything I missed?
 
   / DK40SE Squeal When Moving in Reverse. #204  
KW,
Noise becomes apparent for some after very few hours on a brand new tractor. Some have heard it after only ten or less hours of use. Symptoms occur regardless of any load on the tractor, and the noise is evident sooner after initial day's startup in warmer weather.

Hope this is useful- I'm literally out to lunch without my glasses!!
 
   / DK40SE Squeal When Moving in Reverse. #205  
After responding to kattywumpus about the expected pressure for the prechage I broke out a calculator and dug in a little deeper. Lets see if we can't figure out what actual leakage is and if it changes with charge flow. To find the area of an orifice (opening) we use the following formula. This is a simplified (refactored) version of a rather complex formula. I can't possibly explain all the details here on the forum so if your hungry for more goggle (hydraulic formulas or orifice flow) and do some homework.

Q = 19.63 * SQR(D) * K * SQRT(H)

Q = Flow in GPM
D = Diameter in inches
K = Orifice coefficiet
H = Head in feet

H = 2.31 * P / S

P = Pressure in PSI
S = Specific of gravity of fluid

First we need to know the head (pressure) of the fluid. Since we don't know what the pressure is inside the HST casing we will assume 0 for this exersize. This along with an orifice coeffictient of 1 will not result in an exact area for the leak but should give us a good idea and a reference for comparison with idle and full flows.

Now lets calculate the opening of the charge relief for full flow 6.86 GPM. This is specific to my tractor with a charge pressure (205 PSI @ 2600 RPM) and hydraulic fluid (TRC Universal Torque Fluid) with a specific gravity (0.8815).

H = 2.31 * 205 / 0.8815 = 537.2
D = SQRT(6.86 / (19.63 * SQRT(537.2))) = 0.123"

This is roughly the equivilant of an 1/8 in diameter opening. So what is the equivilant opening when the charge pressure of 165 PSI and 3 GPM at 1100 RPM.

H = 2.31 * 165 / 0.8815 = 432.4
D = SQRT(3 / (19.63 * SQRT(537.2))) = 0.086"

Thats about half give or take. Please note this is not exact as we don't know the back pressure of the remaing circuit or the details of the orifice and type of flow. But it would appear that the chare relief valve is opening and closing and linear to the flow. This is what I was thinking several posts ago before I found the bolt. Maybe Kioti got a batch of weak, broken or wrong springs.

This may explain the recommendation to run your tractor at 2600 RPM's all the time. More RPM's equals more flow and less chance of cavitation. If I run my tractor at those RPM's I notice a lot less noise. Before the bypass hose install increasing the RPM's would hold it of for a little while. Temperature also changes the flow characteristic of the fluid. When it warms it flows much easier. If the flow has less restiction then more fluid is going to leak through the orifice and the prechare will decrease. This would also explain why it happens more and then constant as the tractor heats up.

Just for some fun if the charge relief valve were stuck open and always passed the same flow the charge pressure at idle would be much lower. Refactor the equation and start crunchin.

H = SQR(Q / (19.63 * SQR(D) * K)))
P = 0.434 * H * SG

P = 0.434 * SQR(3 / (19.63 * SQR(0.125))) * 0.8815 = 37 PSI

So as you can see I don't think the valve is stuck open. If there was contamination (dirt or metal) in the orifice I would not expect the orifice change to be linear. I would also doubt there would be so many consistent reports. Until you all get report back on your charge pressures good or bad we may never know.

Tom

PS Coyote Machine

If I have offended I apologize for doing so-it was not meant to offend; it was meant to get you to share more details than you seemed willing to. Mission accomplished.

You have not offended me nor have you help. The additional details at each post are new and nothing is being hidden (by me) from any of you. You can thank kattywumpus for the valuable details he has shared. They are responsible for the new information not your "squealing". If you are not willing or able to obtain and share any useful information then wait for the answer.

For the record you have provided many useful details when you are not flamming me. For that I thank you.
 
   / DK40SE Squeal When Moving in Reverse. #206  
Hey kattywumpus you have one on there I did not consider. The precharge does go to the control circuit for the power piston. It is also possible for a leak in that circuit. I don't think that is the case but it is possible.
 
   / DK40SE Squeal When Moving in Reverse. #207  
TNewburn,

You're new to this forum so I'll cut you some slack.
I have not been flaming you; but I did exert some pressure for you to share more of what you know and how you were coming to your conclusions. I probably could have done it better but what is done is done. Additionally, I offered an apology, not so much because I owed you anything for your choice to tear into your tractor after you had your vanishing zone rep out to look at it; but because I mistakenly thought you might accept it and move on.

And for the record, no one that I'm aware of other than you and KW has had contact with a zone rep, nor has anyone followed your directives about having their dealer or them personally provide charge pressures or anything else you seem to think we should be supplying to you.

When you chose to say that my 'squealing' is no help and imply that unless I contribute what you want to tell me I should, your attitude smacks of a know it all with few people skills.

KW, has contributed what he has been given by his zone rep in terms of their half-baked attempt to effect a repair; with Kioti corporate probably hoping it would quiet his concerns about his tractor. And photos of same, all of which is useful to all.

I'm confident if others had new data to share they would.


It's not your job to tell others here to 'back off' or 'wait for the answer'.

Seems I'm a meta guy and you're more a micro type - meaning I tend to focus on the bigger picture of Kioti's trying to make us all think we're nuts, when all they want is for us to collectively shut up and run out our warranties.

You seem to be focused on the minutia and the numbers/equations/math; which is also necessary to speak the Kioti engineer's 'speak'. Neither approach is the right or wrong one, but together we may all benefit from a concerted effort of what each of us chooses to share, assuming we have something to share to begin with. Just because everyone with a squeal noise doesn't run to their local hydraulic shop and make up fittings and test their tractor's pressures does NOT mean that any of us are not as dedicated to finding a solution to the problem at hand. People have different ways of solving problems- and I for one will not waste my time doing what I already paid for in the form of a warranty from Kioti. They have a legal obligation to find and fix the problem without any participation on the customer's part other than notifying them it exists.

So we each have something to contribute-BUT and it's a big but; they may ignore whatever we all conclude no matter how many formulas you/we throw at them.

So IMHO, it is largely irrelevant what any of us does until we collectively have a solution that is irrefutable. Once that threshold has been met we may have a chance to bend Kioti's ear and see cooperation instead of stonewalling and denying people's reality as it seems is happening currently.

The alternative if they continue to cover-up after having a solution presented is likely a class action by the 'customers' sold the bogus tractors.
 
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   / DK40SE Squeal When Moving in Reverse. #208  
Coyote, as an independent observer of this thread, I would have to agree with Tom that it has been your aggressive and inappropriate badgering that is the problem. Tom owes you no further detail than he feels comfortable posting. It was your nastygram that was out of line a few days ago and Tom reasonably did not like it. I can understand you want answers however I suggest you save your demands and pontificating for Kioti management.
 
   / DK40SE Squeal When Moving in Reverse. #209  
First off let me say that i do not own a Kioti, i am in the market and was seriously considering a DK45 or 55 until this post, so i do not have any insight into their equiprment beyond whats on their website and i read here.

Tnewburn and Kattywumpus, Thank you for all of your hard work and tenacity in trying to find a solution; your insight and generosity in sharing information is what makes this forum such a great repository for everyone.

After reading this post it seems like this problem only effects the DK40, which is very interesting. In today's production environment most companies try to utilize the same parts on as many models as possible to reduce overhead. Has anyone compared the Hydralic systems on the 40 to the 45/50 so see if there are any simularities/differeces?
- Hydralic lines.
- Pump specs.
- Relief valves.
- Transmissions.
- Etc, Etc, Etc
there may be one small item in the DK40's that is a carryover from the smaller tractors that is the limiting factor causing the problem that they changed on the 45/50 and larger tractors.

I am still interested in the Kioti tractors but with the unsatisfactory response from the dealers and Corporate i am a little leary on purchasing one of their products. Other than the HST system how would you rate their tractors?

Thanks again for your hard work.

Dave
 
   / DK40SE Squeal When Moving in Reverse. #210  
Regarding this problem only affecting DK40se: hard to imagine as there really are no differences in transmission or hydraulics between the 40/45/50. Decals and engine bore are the only differences. Made on the same assembly line too. Also interesting that the Bobcat CT400 series is identical in powertrain too. Has anyone reported a Bobcat squeal?
 

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