Obser what? Ain't even going to look it up.I wasn't trying to be obser either,[I don't think],just telling you how a welder goes about welding,,not talking rod burner here. Honestly,how many passes never really enters my mind much,[when I was welding for a living],and now that I'm doing inspection work,most times it never does either. You go at it till its welded,,,now maybe if I was welding 1/4 fillits or something,I mighta thought about it,cause you should be able to do it in one pass,,something like,well don't want to use 1/8 here maybe,wanta go to 5/32,maybe,,,,but when welding something thicker,,or anything with a bevel,,never really gave it much though,,till after I welded one,,,than I would know,,bigger filler requires more amps,puts down more metal,,and visa versa,,,,travel speed,,,weave or stringer,what your welding,,what postion,up or down,,can't carry much metal over head,can carry more flat,,etc,etc,,,thats why I say anybody who has got it in his head that anything he welds he's gotta do in one pass is limiting himself,,,but I know,many are beginners,and most ever thing they weld will be flat and 1/4 or so, and they don't have to worry much about weld quality,just as long as it serves the purpose,,,nothing wrong with that,,,just pointing out to these beginners that maybe they don't need to go spend money to buy a bigger machine,maybe they do,but maybe what they got will serve the purpose,if they just knew a few little things,,,thingy