You are describing humidity and condensation. The plastic under the concrete has no bearing on this. It doesn't hurt anything, but in most cases, it's a waste of money.
If you break up a concrete slab, most of the time you'll find the soil under it to be so dry as to not have any moisture in it. If there is any moisture under the slab, it's because of a drainage issue and not from water vapor coming up out of the ground under the building.
If you take a chunk of that broken slab and put it in 3 inches of water, with just half an inch exposed, the top of the slab will never get wet. Some moisture will wick up the sides from the standing water, but it will never make it to the top of the concrete, and it will never make the top of the concrete wet. That will only happen when the humidity and dew points create moisture in the morning. Same reason why the lawn is wet first thing in the morning.